One Size Does Not Fit All - 1870 Words

One Size Does Not Fit all â€Å"If my future were determined by just my performance on a standardized test, I wouldn’t be her. I guarantee you that† - Michelle Obama. Once upon a time our education system was based on one s knowledge of the simplicity of things; however, now a days a children s knowledge isn’t based on whether he or she knows the different countries or how to answer 2+2 unless they can relate it to a real world situation. It is based on the pure skill of how to take a test. Standardized tests and Common Core (CC) have recently started denouncing our school system more and more. Children are starting to get lost and confused on topics, parents deem them excessive and unnecessary, and teachers feel inclined to teach to the test and emphasising relating everything back to a real life situation instead of teaching their students a broad spectrum of ideas. With the adoption of Common Core and the addition of multiple standardized tests children are st arting to feel lost and left behind when it comes to curriculum. According to Cary Grimm Common Core standards can be compared to jumping over a fence that one knows was 2 feet but evidently was told 3 feet and missed the next level standard. When you set a standard of what a child needs to know in each grade but only used standardized testing to test their knowledge of what they know instead of using a more personal approach, this degrades the system (Stern). When the education systems makes it all based on who’s theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Laboratory Assignment: Virtual Microscopy1615 Words   |  7 Pagessurname. Type your responses to the questions below where indicated. Remember to save your work frequently. Viewing Magnification, Field of View, and Specimen Size 1. On the UD Virtual Compound Microscope, examine the onion root tip slide at 400X viewing magnification. Ensure that the image is centred. What is the approximate size of an onion root tip cell? Show your work and specify which dimension of the cell (length or width) you are using. (2 marks) RESPONSE: The dimension of the cellRead MoreShould The Government Have A?1510 Words   |  7 Pageslunches to minimize the size of portions, lower calories, and provide less quantity of protein, Rodriguez 2 In addition, the government should not have to determine in our diets because school are not the only responsible for children obesity, the bill puts a limit in students to make their own choices , and the acts â€Å"one size fits all† does not fit the necessities ofRead MoreAre Cars Better Then Cars?1115 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch and topics to look at first before anyone can answer either question. When it comes to topics like this one, there needs to be facts about what each one has to offer or what the bad that they have. It first starts with a very important factor that is crucial in the vehicle industry, millage. Trucks typically use up more gas because of their bigger size engine and also in physical size and weight. Most pickup tucks tend to have a big V8 engines that has a lot of power to be able to pull and carryRead MoreThe Hunger Free Kids Act1355 Words   |  6 Pagesacross the nation were in uproar. The act requires school lunches to minimize portion sizes, limit calories, and cut back on protein consumption in general for all students. Most students, including myself argue that the government should not have any say in our diets. The government shouldn t have control over what we are eating for three very obvious reasons. clearly, the act s one size fits all approach does not apply to every individual student affected. Second, The federal government isRead M oreHow Does Code Access The Same Page Frame Within A Page Table?963 Words   |  4 Pagesof time needed to copy a large amount of memory from one place to another. What effect would updating some byte on the one page have on the other page? Ans: If the two entries in a page table point to the same page frame in the memory, then the users can use the same code or sometimes data in the future. For example if two users wish to use the same code, then instead of loading the code two times in to the table, one user can load it in to one table initially and later the other user who would likeRead MoreToday s Day And Age Sexuality And The Advertising Market946 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the teen market is a force all on its own, raking in over $1.76 billion dollars in the year 2001. As more and more children and teens are taking on the responsibility of choosing their clothes, shoes and cosmetics, they are looking for items that suit them in a more sophisticated manner at a price that fits their budget (Henson, 2002). The company needs to make sure that we are not producing items that fit an adult lifestyle more than a teen one. While there is a tendency toRead MoreWhat Makes The Product Concept Unique? Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesRefractive Index Optics (GRIN) by Peak Nonosystems represent a new class of optical power. This technology provides: †¢ A shorter focus point †¢ Reduce geometric/chromatic focusing errors This breakthrough technology provides a lighter weight, reduced size high performance optical systems. Chromatic corrected and flat optics with focusing power reduce volume. These benefits will allow Bushnell to reshape the landscape of the binocular business. This is a project is to prototype the binoculars in orderRead MoreHere, Y. Denotes The Five Observed Indicators, Tau. Is1200 Words   |  5 Pagescomparing groups, the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) method is applied, thereby allowing for comparison of parameter estimates between countries. However, such comparison depends on the parameters being measurement invariant across all groups. As mentioned in previous studies (Ariely and Davidov, 2011), it is necessary to obtain some degree of measurement invariance in order to not only guarantee that the latent constructs have the same meaning across groups, but also to make meaningfulRead MoreYoung Women s Diet Pills1576 Words   |  7 Pagesmake themselves look better in their own eyes. Some may purchase the best makeup money can buy, others wear expensive clothes, they even spend hundreds of dollars on getting their hair done or hair products and these are all fine, unless you’re the parent paying the bill. O ne trend that is becoming increasingly more popular with young women is diet pills. The pressure to look good drives girls to use diet pills that are harmful to their bodies. First Reasoning In today’s world everywhere youRead More3d Printing Essay711 Words   |  3 Pages3D Printing Shoes For A Perfect Custom Fit 3D printing has been in the news for the past few years and has been developing at a steady pace. At first 3D printing technology was used exclusively for rapid prototyping, however, steadfast advances in storage, power, and bandwidth have catapulted the technology into a powerful tool for the manufacture of finished products. These products range from everyday products such as shoes, clothing, jewelry, and accessories to parts for jet engines and cars

Cause And Effect Of Smoking - 1622 Words

Smoking, a practice of inhaling and exhaling smoke from burning tobacco, is a problem that is notorious for causing the death of more than 7 million people every year, and around 890,000 of those people are non-smokers that were exposed to second-hand smoke (World Health Organization). According to â€Å"Your Health Today: Choices in a Changing Society,† smoking causes cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases because of the content of approximately 600 chemical ingredients, which yield more than 4,800 substances when burnt (Teague 336-338). Not only are the smokers themselves harmed, but also non-smokers that are exposed to smokers’ second-hand smoke, especially women, children, pregnant women, and fetus. For†¦show more content†¦At the same time, tobacco was listed in U.S. Pharmacopoeia, the government’s official list of drug (Gene Borio), but it was removed as the tobacco state legislators were bribed. Not until the d angerous effects of tobacco use become more noticeable did people realize that it was hard to quit consuming the cancerous substance, and the government made many efforts in an attempt to reduce tobacco consumption. In 1906, U.S. Justice Department was against the American Tobacco Company, the second-largest corporation in the United States, by filing charges anti-trust (Gene Borio). Not giving up, cigarette companies tried to get more loyal customers by sending millions of free cigarettes to the troops during World War I, getting more soldiers to smoke and be addicted so when they came home, they will have to buy cigarettes. Despite the increase of more researches that prove the fact tobacco worsens people’s health, cigarette companies still deny it, while promoting â€Å"healthier† choices of tobacco products such as added filter and less toxic ingredients. After Congress passed the Federal Cigarette Labelling and Advertising Act, surgeon general’s health warn ings appear on cigarette packages by 1966 (Gene Borio). Federal Communications Commission also required one anti-tobacco advertisement for every three tobacco advertisements, called TV fairnessShow MoreRelatedCause And Effect Of Smoking1375 Words   |  6 PagesNow we know the most lifesaving way to prevent this is to quit smoking, but did you know people who are exposed to second hand smoking can also get lung cancer, even though a person quit smoking it may have impacted, the cigarette smoke, into someone else’s body. Cigarette smoke is full of cancer-causing material, called carcinogens, this changes the lung tissue right away. Fundamentally, the human body may be able to restore the damage. With each repeated vulnerability, normal cells that line theRead MoreCause And Effect Of Smoking1386 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking via a cigarette is a preventable habit that people develop when they become stressed, feel the need for social acceptance or wanting a satisfaction relea se of hormones. Cigarettes contain nicotine; a highly addictive group of chemicals that when inhaled spread through the body via the lymphatic system. Smoking has both internal and external repercussions including a depletion in oxygen levels and gangrene respectively. Smoking has been directly related to many types of cancers and ailmentsRead MoreSmoking Cause And Effects Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking is very dangerous, and it has many effects on the health of people. The correlation between smoking and numerous diseases is very high. Throughout the paper, numerous effects are discussed. The change that smoking causes in people’s moods can lead to addiction. Addiction leads to an increased intake of chemicals. The chemicals that are in cigarettes are linked to numerous diseases. The toxic chemicals, such as arsenic and cyanide, are not healthy to ingest. They can potentially lead to atherosclerosisRead More The Causes and Effects of Smoking Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe Causes and Effects of Smoking Scientists and health officials have been arguing the detrimental effects smoking has on our health for many years. Smoking can lead to serious complications including asthma, pancreas, lung and stomach cancer due to the large number of carcinogens (cancer causing chemicals) and other various substances added to it. It is a health hazard for both smokers and non-smokers and it is especially harmful to unborn babies. Although smokers claim that it helps them toRead MoreSmoking Causes and Effects Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking has become a trend in today’s world, even though people know how harmful it is. Smoking causes are obvious it will ruin your health and give you series of health issues. In America 85% teenagers first start smoking from the age of fifteen and sixteen, smoking tobacco is really addicting. Smoking causes heart diseases, blood pressure, series of cancers such as, lung cancer, mouth cancer and throat cancer. I have noticed that many people in my relat ives who smoked all their youth quit smokingRead MoreCause And Effect Essay About Smoking880 Words   |  4 PagesDid you know that smoking has an impact on your health and can affect your whole body? The number one cause of disease and death worldwide is smoking, which claims more than 480,000 American lives each year. Every day more than 3,800 children in the US under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette, not knowing the risks they are taking. Every year, around half a million Americans die at a young age due to smoking or secondhand smoke with another sixteen million living with a serious illnessRead MoreCause and Effect on Smoking Cigarettes Essay884 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking is Unhealthy for Everyone Smoking cigarettes is hazardous to the body for many reasons, and it also affects not only human beings but our environment. Smoking cigarettes can be harmful to both the environment and humans because of the many chemicals and substances that produce this hazardous product. Smoking cigarettes reduces your ability to do things that require endurance, such as sports, and exercise. The tar in the cigarettes covers up alveoli, which help you breathe, which makesRead MoreCauses and Effects of Smoking in Our Life990 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking has become one of the world’s main concerns after the realization of its effect on human health. Tobacco was first introduced by Native Americans. Tobacco was known to be harmless and a stress reliever. Eventually, smoking became popular all over the world and as normal as food. The increase in technology has brought out all the negative aspects and the side effects of smoking. Scientific analysis has proven that smoking is one of the main causes for death in the world. Since smoking hasRead MoreCause And Leading Causes And Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes1059 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking Cigarettes Cigarettes are a lot like hamsters. Both are harmless until you put one in your month and light it on fire. Cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals. 43 of those chemicals are known for causing cancer and 400 other toxins. In the United States, 20.8% of adults’ smoke cigarettes which is 45.3 million people. Smoking cigarettes is the leading cause of preventable disease and death. It is accountable for 1 of every 5 deaths in a year which is more than 480,000 deaths everyRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking On Public Places993 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironmental tobacco smoke has been an issue. Smoking tobacco products is the leading, preventable cause of death in the United States. More than ten times of the deaths from smoking cigarettes have added up to be more deaths than all the wars fought by the United states (Jones, Page 65, 2016). There are more deaths caused each year from tobacco use than all deaths of HIV, illegal drug and alcohol use, car accidents, and murde rs combined (Judd, page 110, 2009). Smoking harms nearly every organ and part of

Green Tea and Weight Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults Free Essays

Obesity has become a growing health issue which is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, stroke, sleep apnea, and certain cancers (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Maki et al. , 2009; Nagao et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Tea and Weight Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults or any similar topic only for you Order Now , 2005). In the United States there are an estimated 72 million overweight or obese adults (as cited in Maki et al. , 2009).Currently, the most effective treatment for obesity is a combination of reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure, yet the most popular treatment is pharmacotherapy (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008, Diepvens, Kovacs, Nijs, Vogels, Westerterp-Plantenga, 2005). Recently, researchers have found antiobesity effects in green tea (Maki et al. , 2009). The objective of this term paper is to depict the claim of green tea and its effectiveness on weight loss in overweight and obese adults. Review of the Literature Overweight and Obese and Weight LossThe basic reasoning of overweight and obese individuals is an imbalance between energy consumption and energy expenditure (Diepvens et al. , 2005). To achieve weight loss, a negative energy balance must occur and can be achieved by decreased energy consumption or increased energy expenditure (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Genetics may also be linked to obesity in several ways. Genetics may be associated with susceptibility to fat storing and the controllability of food intake (as cited in Shepherd, 2009).It has been inferred that green tea may reduce body weight and increase satiety which will positively effect body composition (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005; Maki et al, 2008; Nagao et al. , 2005). Components of Green Tea Green tea contains two major active ingredients which may be contributed to combating obesity: catechin and caffeine (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Research has suggested that green tea catechins block the enzyme catechol O-methyltransferase, thereby stimulating the sympathetic nervous system (Auvichayapat et al. 2008; Belza et al. , 2009). The stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system may be responsible for increased thermogenesis, fat oxidation and satiety (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. , 2009). Green tea catechins may also contribute to increased antioxidant, antiviral, antiplaque-forming, anticancer activities, and decreased blood pressure and total cholesterol (as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). Research has suggested that caffeine may promote thermogenesis and fat oxidation that positively affect body composition (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. 2009; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Caffeine obstructs the degeneration of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate, leading to increased norepinephrine release (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). The increased norepinephrine may lead to thermogenesis and may enhance satiety (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Effects of Catechin and Caffeine Supplementation on Overweight and Obese Adults Maki et al. (2009) conducted a study to investigate whether green tea catechin intake increased exercise-induced abdominal adiposity loss in overweight and obese adults in the United States. The researchers supported previous claims of green tea catechins’ positive effect on general weight loss, but further investigation was needed to conclude that green tea catechin consumption has a positive effect on body composition and abdominal adiposity. The study was a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial that took place in two clinical research sites – Bloomington, Indiana and St. Petersburg, Florida. The male and female participants were of good general health and sedentary.The participants were between the ages of 21 and 65, had a waist circumference of 87 centimeters or greater (women) or 90 centimeters or greater (men), and a total cholesterol of 5. 2 mmol/L or greater. Participates agreed to consume no more than two caffeinated drinks a day and avoid medication or supplements that contained caffeine or catechin. The eligible participants were randomly assigned a beverage of catechins (625 mg) or a control beverage (0 mg) per day. Both the catechin and control beverage contained the same amount of carbohydrates, sodium, as well as caffeine (39 mg).Since this was a double-blind trial the eligible participants and staff were unaware of the assigned beverages. The eligible participants were asked to maintain caloric consumption, and required to increase their activity level by attending three, one-hour supervised exercise sessions a week for a total of 12 weeks. The Maki et al. (2009) study yielded 107 participates that completed the entire trial and met the set requirements. The average age of the participants was 48 years, about one-half were males (catechin, 49. 2%; control, 55. %), and most participants were of non-Hispanic white ethnicity (91%). Maki et al. (2009) found that the catechin group experienced (P = 0. 079) a greater loss of body weight than the control group at week 12. This supports results of other trials (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. , 2009; Nagao et al. , 2005). The results of the Maki et al. (2009) study showed no difference in percentage changes in fat mass (P = 0. 208) or intra-abdominal fat area (P = 0. 125). However, total abdominal adipose area (P = 0. 013) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose area (P = 0. 19) decreased at week 12 (Maki et al. , 2009). Maki et al. (2009) concluded that catechins (625 mg/day) may have positive effects on exercised-induced loss of abdominal adiposity. Auvichayapat et al. (2008) conducted a randomized, controlled, experimental study to investigate green tea and its effectiveness on weight loss in obese Thais. The study included 60 Thai participates who were between the ages of 40 and 60 and had a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater. Forty-two participates were females and 18 were males.The participants were required to have good health history with no current or prior metabolic or systemic diseases and not currently taking prescribed medication. The participants were randomized into two groups, a green tea group and a placebo group. The participants in the green tea group consumed a 250 mg green tea (100 mg catechin) tablet after breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The participants in the placebo group also received a tablet after breakfast, lunch, and dinner containing cellulose which was identical in appearance to the green tea tablets.The participants’ heights were determined by the use of a wall-mounted ruler and body weight was determined by the use of a digital scale. Body mass index was calculated by body weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared. Body fat percentage was measured by the use of a calibrated skinfold calipers. The sum of the triceps, subscapular, and iliac skinfolds were compared based on sex and age from the Jackson study to determine body fat percentage (as cited in Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Resting energy expenditure was measured by the use of the Douglas bag system by indirect calorimetry (as cited in Auvichayapat et al. 2008). The air expired by the participants were analyzed by a computerized data acquisition system from which resting energy expenditure were calculated with the use of Weir’s formula (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Body mass index, body fat percentage, and resting energy expenditure were measured at baseline, and during the fourth, eighth and twelfth weeks of the study. In comparison, the green tea treatment group exhibited a significant difference (P lt; 0. 05) in weight loss during the eighthand twelfth weeks of the study as compared to the placebo treatment group.Auvichayapat et al. (2008) concluded that green tea can increase energy expenditure and therefore increase weight loss in obese Thais. Nagao et al. (2005) conducted a random, double-blind, controlled, experimental 12-week study to examine the effects of catechins on body fat loss. The researchers included 25 healthy Japanese men between the ages of 24 and 46 who ranged from normal to overweight according to body mass index (as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). The 25 participants were randomly placed into two groups, a catechins group (n = 17) and a placebo group (n = 18).The requirements for the individuals were to consume 90% of the calculated energy intake requirement, to withhold from consuming large amounts of catechins, polyphenols, or caffeine, and to maintain their current level of exercise. Anthropometric measurements and computed tomography were administered by trained physicians at baseline and every four weeks thereafter for the 12-week study. Waist circumference was measured at the umbilical level while the participants were standing in accordance with the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (Nagao et al. , 2005).The participants’ body fat ercentages were measured by the use of a bioimpedance analyzer and skinfold caliper method. Body fat percentage and lean body mass were derived from the ratio of total body weight to body fat. The skinfold caliper method utilized measurements at the lower end of the scapula and the intermediate region on the lateral side of the arm, and the sum of the two values were recorded. The measurement of fat was calculated by computed tomography. Computed tomography imaging was performed for visceral fat measurement by utilizing FAT SCAN software developed on the method developed by Tokunaga et al. as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). The use of the FAT SCAN software, subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were obtained from abdominal computed tomography image. Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were summed together to obtain the total fat area. The results of the Nagao et al. (2005) study showed that the reduction in waist circumference (P lt; 0. 01), skinfold measurements (P lt; 0. 05), and total fat area (P lt; 0. 05) was significantly greater in the catechin group (690 mg) than that of the placebo group.In conclusion, catechins (690 mg/day for 12 weeks) decrease total body fat and may be useful in preventing and combating obesity. Belza et al. (2009) conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled study consisting of 12 healthy and normal weight male participants (age: 23. 7,  ±2. 6 years). Each participant was instructed to maintain their daily dietary and physical activity habits throughout the study. The treatments being analyzed were in the form of tablets containing 500 mg green tea extract (125 mg catechins), 400 mg tyrosine, 50 mg caffeine, or placebo.Each treatment was separated by a minimum of three days. The main focus of Belza et al. (2009) was to examine the compounds tyrosine, green tea extract, and caffeine, and their individual effects on thermogenesis, appetite sensations, and ad libitum energy intake. A ventilated hood that was tested weekly to ensure reliability was used to assess resting metabolic rates of each participant. Participants were instructed to fast the evening prior to, as well as refrain from medication, alcohol, and strenuous physical activity 24 hours before respiratory assessments.A baseline respiratory measurement was acquired for each participant during the first 25 minutes of each assessment. The assessment then continued with 30-minute intervals in which respiratory measurements were recorded for a total of four hours. Each respiratory assessment for each individual was executed on the same time of day and on an identical schedule. The participants’ appetite sensations were analyzed using the Visual Analogue Scales which included subjective questions about sensations of hunger, satiety, prospective consumption, and fullness (Belza et al. 2009). Each participant completed the Visual Analogue Scales prior to the respiratory assessment to obtain a baseline measurement, and subsequently throughout the respiratory assessment. Another test each participant completed was the ad libitum meal. The participants were instructed to consume the ad libitum meal at a constant pace and to terminate consumption when satiety was reached. The amount of ad libitum meal consumed was used as the assessment of ad libitum energy intake. Belza et al. 2009) found that caffeine produced a thermogenic response of 6% above the baseline assessment as compared to the placebo (P lt; 0. 0001). No significant difference was found for thermogenic response with the tyrosine and green tea extract treatments as compared to the placebo (Belza et al. , 2009). Belza et al. (2009) stated that too small of a sample size was tested to conclude any appetite suppressant value of the treatments administered, and additional investigation with a large sample size is needed. Diepvens et al. 2005) administered a study to investigate the effects of green tea and a low-calorie diet on resting energy expenditure and body weight in overweight females. The researchers hypothesized that green tea would increase resting energy expenditure and decrease body weight. The study was an experimental, double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled trial including 46 overweight females between the ages of 19 and 57 and a body mass index between 25 and 31 kg/m2. All participates were of good health and moderate caffeine-users (200-400 mg of caffeine a day).Two groups were randomly assigned to each treatment: a green tea treatment (n = 23) and a placebo treatment (n = 23). All 46 participants consumed a low-calorie diet consisting of 60% of estimated energy expenditure and consumed three tablets daily (9:00 a. m. , 1:00 p. m. , 6:00 p. m. ) of either placebo or green tea (75 mg caffeine, 375 mg catechins). Diepvens et al. (2005) utilized an open-circuit, ventilated-hood system to assess energy expenditure, as well as fat and carbohydrate oxidation.Anthropometric measurements were assessed using a digital balance (body weight) and a wall-mounted stadiometer (height). BMI was calculated by dividing body weight in kilograms by height (m) squared. Diepvens et al. (2005) concluded that there was not a significant difference between the green tea and placebo groups in reducing body weight. Diepvens et al. (2005) contributes the low thermogenic effectiveness of green tea to the low-caloric diet because of the reduction of sympathetic activity caused by the low-caloric diet.The reduced sympathetic activity reduces noradrenalin release which is partially responsible for thermogenesis (as cited in Diepvens et al. , 2005; Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Summary In summary, the effects of green tea on weight loss may be attributed specifically to the catechins and caffeine, the active components of green tea. The researchers found that a positive correlation occurred between the consumption of green tea and energy expenditure, fat oxidation, total fat area loss and satiety which will contribute to the prevention and reduction of obesity.Although several studies found that there was not a significant difference in energy expenditure, fat oxidation, total fat area loss and satiety between the green tea and control groups, there was nevertheless a difference. Perhaps with the long term consumption of green tea, the benefit will be exponentially larger. It is beneficial to note that while the consumption of green tea is not a solution by itself, it can be used as part of the process for weight loss and optimizing health for currently overweight or obese adults.References Auvichayapat, P. Prapochanung, M. , Tunkamnerdthai, O. , Sripanidkulchai, B. , Auvichayapat, N. , Thinkhamrop, B. , †¦ Hongprapas, P. (2008). Effectiveness of green tea on weight reduction in obese Thais: A randomized, controlled trial. Physiology Behavior, 93(3), 486-491. doi:10. 1016/j. physbeh. 2007. 10. 009. Belza, A. , Toubro, S. , Astrup, A. (2009). The effect of caffeine, green tea and tyrosine on thermogenesis and energy intake. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63(1), 57-64. doi:10. 1038/sj. ejcn. 1602901. Diepvens, K. , Kovacs, E. M. R. , Nijs, I. M. T. Vogels, N. , Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. (2005). Effect of green tea on resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation during weight loss in overweight females. British Journal of Nutrition, 94(6), 1026-1034. doi:10. 1079/BJN20051580 Maki, K. C. , Reeves, M. S. , Farmer, M. , Yasunaga, K. , Matsuo, N. , Katsuragi, Y. , †¦ Cartwright, Y. (2009). Green Tea Catechin Consumption Enhances Exercise-Induced Abdominal Fat Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 139(2), 264-270. doi:10. 3945/jn. 108. 098293. Nagao, T. , Komine, Y. , Soga, S. Meguro, S. , Hase, T. , Tanaka, Y. , Tokimitsu, I. (2005). Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. Am J of Clin Nutr, 81(1), 122-129. Retrieved from http://www. ajcn. org. libaccess. sjlibrary. org/cgi/reprint/81/1/122. pdf Shepherd, A. (2009). Obesity: prevalence, causes and clinical consequences. Nursing Standard, 23(52), 51-57. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. libaccess. sjlibrary. org/ehost/ pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=4hid=8sid=44d81a55-f6d5-40b7-808f-239f2569d782%40sessionmgr10 How to cite Green Tea and Weight Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults, Papers

Australian Immigration Law Visa Termination

Question: Describe about the Australian Immigration Law for Visa Termination. Answer: If Lily wants to make an appeal against the pronouncement of the visa terminations which were made by the DIAC then she has an alternative to apply for an evaluation of the judgment at the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. The times within which she can file her appeal have been mentioned below, as in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal there have been very stringent time limitations. The applicant may apply for the evaluation within 9 days. The time limit of 9 days would be considered from the date the applicant got the notice of the verdict. If the Notice of Visa termination was posted to the applicant then the date which would be considered as notified for the verdict within 7 working days from the date on the notice as specified under section 68A of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act, 1975[1]; The applicant then have 9 days from the date the applicant was deemed to have been notified to file their request to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Similarly, if the applicant received the notice of Visa Termination by hand, fax or email then the date which was deemed to have been notified of the verdict was the day after it got handed, faxed or emailed to the applicant; The applicant has 9 days from the date he or she was deemed to have been notified to file his or her claim to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. As per section 48 of the Migration Act, 1958[2] if a person does not hold a substantive visa, then this section would restrict a person from making a further substantive visa claim in the following situations: If since the applicant entered Australia, the applicant have filed a visa claim and this claim has been repudiated by DIAC, other than a rebuttal of a bridging visa or a denial under section 501, 501A or 501B of the Migration Act, 1958[3] for which the non-citizens had applied or; Held a visa that was refused under section 109, 116, 133A, etc. A substantive visa has been defined as any visa that was not the one of the following categories such as bridging visa; criminal justice vise; an enforcement visa. Under section 501E of the Migration Act, 1958[4] some other conditions have been mentioned defining the denial or annulment of visa restriction on applying for other visas. There have been certain exceptions to the claim of the section 48 of the Act. It has been affirmed that even of the applicant had a visa claim refusal or a visa termination, and then a person can still file a valid claim for the following kinds of visas such as partner visa, bridging visa, child visa etc. Therefore, as mentioned above that partner visa sub class 820 as mentioned in schedule 1 of the Migration Regulation Act, 1994[5] can be applied for even if a visa has been canceled previously. So, Lily in this case can file a partner visa even after termination of her visitor visa as per the exception of section 48[6]. Yes, Lily can plea against the discarded verdict of DIBP. Previously, the department which was accountable for hearing a plea against the Department verdict was either Migration Evaluation tribunal or the Refugee evaluation Tribunal depending on the character of the visa claim. But as of 2015, the MRT and the RRT were combined with the Administrative Appeals Tribunal under section 306 of the Migration Act, 1958.[7] Now the plea has been heard by the Migration and Refugee Division of the AAT. As mentioned earlier the time limit for the appeal to be filed for the letter measured was the time limit of 9 days which would be premeditated from the date, the applicant got the notice of the verdict. Similarly, If the Notice of Visa termination was positioned to the applicant then the date which would be measured as informed for the verdict within 7 working days from the date on the notice; The applicant then have 9 days from the date the applicant was deemed to have been notified to lodge their claim to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. For the claim which has been filed, the standard applicable fee would be $861 if it was paid before 1st July 2016 and $884 if paid or after 1 July 2016. However, if the person meets the concessional requirements, this fee could be abridged to $100. And the present visa claim charge payable to the Department of Immigration and Border Protection was $6865 for a single claim. It has been specifically stated that if a child has been born to the applicant and her partner after she or he have applied for their partner visa then also the child would involuntarily been incorporated in the partner visa claim. However, she should write to the office dispensation to the claim to let them know that the child was been born and incorporated a certified copy of the birth certificate so that the verdict makers know that the child was also integrated in the visa claim. Therefore, it can be stated that the tribunal can consider the new development before making the verdict. Yes, Lily would get the refund of the fees which she paid as it has been clearly mentioned that if a person has paid a fee and the case was resolved in her favor, then the AAT would refund the most of the fee in most of the cases. References: (A) Legislation Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975, Migration Act 1958 (Cth) Migration Regulation Act 1994 (Cth)